One good way is to decide what it is you want to build then post the question of what wood to use on this forum. Or choose a wood and ask what everyone thinks. Another way is if you have a good hardwood store near you just go in and check out what they have and ask the salesman about them and their uses, shortcomings and strengths. Often you will find the price can dictate what you use.
I just Googled, "types of wood" and came up with pages of web sites to read from.
I just Googled, "types of wood" and came up with pages of web sites to read from.